The book of Matthew was written in the first century AD and tells the story of Jesus Christ, His ministry, death, and resurrection. It is the first book of the New Testament and serves as a bridge between the Old and New Testaments.
Matthew was one of Jesus’ twelve apostles. Before following Jesus, he worked as a tax collector. Tax collectors were often disliked by Jewish people because they worked with the Roman government and were sometimes associated with dishonest practices. Matthew’s experience made his decision to follow Jesus especially significant.
The book was written in a Jewish setting, and Matthew frequently connects Jesus’ life and ministry to the Old Testament. He shows how events in Jesus’ life fulfilled promises and prophecies given to Israel. This helps present Jesus as the promised Messiah and King.
The historical period was also politically difficult for the Jewish people. Israel was under Roman rule, and many Jews were hoping for a Messiah who would free them from foreign control. Matthew presents Jesus as the Messiah, but Jesus’ mission was greater than simply defeating Rome. He came to establish God’s kingdom and call people to repentance, faith, and obedience.
The book also takes place during a period of significant religious tension. Jewish religious leaders such as the Pharisees and Sadducees had important influence, and Jesus frequently challenged their understanding of God’s law and religious practices. His teachings often focused on the heart behind obedience rather than simply following outward rules.
Matthew also records Jesus’ miracles, teachings, parables, interactions with His disciples, conflict with religious leaders, crucifixion, and resurrection. The book ends with Jesus commissioning His followers to take the message of the gospel to all nations.
Understanding this historical background helps explain why Matthew emphasizes Jesus as the Messiah, King, and fulfillment of God’s promises to Israel. The book presents Jesus as the one who brings God’s kingdom and invites people from every nation to become His followers.